
1649 · The wars of the three kingdoms
A town changes hands
Dundalk’s experience of 1649 was a sequence of changing alliances and control. The Royal Irish Academy’s biography of Marcus Trevor describes his part in the royalist advance and the surrender of George Monck’s garrison. O’Neill’s Catholic army, the royalists and parliamentarian commanders were pursuing different priorities. This shifting situation cannot be explained as two permanently united sides facing one another throughout the year.↗1
The town’s seventeenth-century upheavals shaped control of land and civic property, as well as military government.








